What is Depth of Field?
Depth of Field or DOF for short is a description of how much of your photograph is in focus. A shallow depth of field simply means that one specific area of your photo is sharp while other elements remain blurred.
One of the greatest uses of DOF is to single out your subject while at the same time reducing the effect of distracting background clutter. This can be used in almost any style of photography, portraits, sports, photojournalism, close-up and macro all use shallow DOF extensively.
The basic formula for shallow Depth of Field is to get as small of an f-stop setting as you can reasonably get away with in your photo. The smaller the f-stop, the larger the aperture. The aperture basically works the same way your pupils do, the more dilated it is, the more background is blurred. A good technique for getting shallow DOF is to start with the smallest f-stop your lens will allow. 2.8 or better works well for this style.
One important aspect can be uses of blurred or surrealistic imagery. With a good quality lens and an eye for the art in nature you can truly find ways to distort reality and bring your mind's eye into the photograph.
Some examples of shallow depth of field
My examples of a shallow depth of field
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